Basic Training Theatre
MEANING OF THEATRE
Etymologically / language, the word comes from the Greek Theatre that Theatro which mean theater or auditorium place showing. While in artiluas, Theatre are all forms of spectacle performed in front of the crowd, that's theater.
There is also a sense of theater in the narrow sense,
the drama, the life story of andlife man who is told on stage with the media, among others: conversation, motion and behavior based on written text which is supported by the decoration (set),
music, lighting, makeup , singing, dancing, and other so on.In theater there called acting. Acting not only in the form of dialogue, but also in the form of motion or gesture.
Because logically, then the chances of dialogue without motion conveyed the message would be very little (no maximum).
Dialogue both as apasiyh? Dialogue can be said to be good, when: a dialogue that can be heard
(either volume), clear (good articulation), understandable (correct pronunciation), and the actor couldlive (according with demands / soul role specified in the script).
While the motion is a good motion that looks (good blocking), clear (no doubt, convince), understandable (according with the law motion in life), and also can live.
Explanation :
Volume better is when that voice can be heard up to much
Good articulation is clear pronunciation.
Every syllable spoken with a clear and bright even though spoken by leaps and bounds. Do not occur word-word that is spoken into overlapping or with the impression that in a hurry.
Correct pronunciation is the pronunciation of words that correspond to the pronunciation of the language used law. Eg bold, which means "no fear" should be pronounced dare not air-ani.
Living or animating means of pressure or greeting song should be impression in accordance with the demands of the role in the script
Blocking is the placement of players on the stage, arranged between the players one with others do not overlap so that the audience can not see players better be covered. Player seen most of the front of the body rather than visible most of the back of the body.
It can be set with the benchmark as follows:
If the stand facing to the right, then the right foot should be in front.
If the stand facing to the left, then the left foot should be in front.
* Must be arranged also balance the players on stage.
Lest the whole players clumped in one place.
In the event that set the balance, composition:
The right part is heavier than the left
The front part is heavier than the rear
High heavier than low
Wide heavier than the narrower
The bright heavier than the dark
Facing heavier than that backs
Composition set not only aims to unsightly but also for coloring fit scene that took place.
Among others are :
Obviously, no doubt, to convince, to have the sense that the motion which is conducted do half measures even not be excessive.
If in doubt -doubt impressed rigid whereas if excessive impressed over acting
Understandably, it means what we realized in the form of motion does not deviate from
the laws of motion in life. Such as when lifting heavy right hand, then your body will be tilted to the
left, andso on.
Living means movements of limbs and facial movements must as demanded role in the script, including the shape and age.
MEDITATION & CONCENTRATION
*Meditation
In general the meaning of meditation is to try to calm the mind. In the theater can be interpreted as an attempt to calm and empty the mind with the purpose to obtain stable self.
Meditation objectives:
Emptying mind. We try to empty our minds, by throwing everything whose mother in our minds, on various issues both family problems, school, personality forth. We get rid of all of our brain so that your mind is free from all burdens and ties.
Meditation as a natural bridge. Here practice we call nature "pseudo", because everything we do in exercise is a sham, never did we do in everyday life, the day.
So every motion we will be different from our everyday behavior. For that we need a bridge that takes us from the realm of our daily lives to the sphere of the exercise.
The way of meditation:
The position of the body is not bound, in the sense of not enforced. But ordinary done is sitting cross-legged, try body upright. This method is intended to provide field /
room on the inside of the body cavity.
room on the inside of the body cavity.
Set breathing properly, the air inhaled slowly and remove too slowly. Feel the entire movement of air circulation in and out in our bodies.
Clear mind, then feel the atmosphere that is around us by all feeling.
We will feel the atmosphere is quiet, calm, silent, motionless.
We tell our nerves to asleep, then we are ready to concentrate.
At some point we may lose the incentive to practice, as if it arises sluggishness in every movement and utterance.
This often occurs as a result of self tootired or too many thoughts.
If this is not addressed and we are forced to practice, it will be vain.
The way to cope is to MEDITATION.
Meditation also necessary when we will play on the stage, so that we can concentrate USWith role that we wish to bring.
Concentration:
Concentration generally means "centralization". In the theater we interpret with concentration of nature exercises or roles that we bring order we do not interfere with other thoughts, so that we can animate all things we do.
How to concentration:
We must do the first meditation. We first clear our minds, in a way-how that has been determined. We are working perfectly as possible so that our minds are completelyempty and ready to concentrate.
Once our mind is empty, begin entering our brains with one element mind. feel that currently exercise,we enter a realm that is not we find apparent in everyday life.
Do not think about the other, other than that it was exercise Our current theater.
Record: At the time we will bring a role, such as father, grandmother, shy girl and so on, be it in training or staging, concentrate our minds on it. Never think of others.
VOWELS and BREATHING
RESPIRATORY:
A performance artist, be it a playwright or singer,
then to obtain a good sound it requires good breathing anyway.
Therefore he must practicing breathing / respiratory devices and use them appropriately in
order to achieve maximum results, either in practice or in staging.
Exist four kinds of breathing are commonly used:
chest On breathing chest breathing we absorb air and then we put our chests swelled
chest so cavity.
Among theater people usually not used chest breathing as well as the capacity
or the capacity for air the least chest, can also disrupt the movement / acting actor,
because the shoulder becomes stiff. ------------------------------------------------------- SAMPE SINI
Abdominal breathing, abdominal breathing Named if suction air we we put into our stomachs
distended perutsehingga.
Abdominal breathing used by sebagiandramawan, because not much interfere with movement and its capacity more than the chest.
Respiratory lengkapPada complete breathing we use the chest and abdomen to store the air, so the air that we take very many (maximum).
Respiratory lengkapdipergunakan by some artists a stage which usually
are not too mengutamakanakting, but put vocals.
Breathing diafragmaDiafragma is part of our body that is located between the chest cavity and perut.Sedangkan is the respiratory diaphragm is when the actor itumengambil as much air is then stored in the diaphragm and feel bahwadiafragma it really expands.
It can we feel with the expansion abdomen, hips, even the back of the upper body at the hips we also turutmengembang.Menurut recent developments, many theater people who use diaphragmatic breathing, because it does not much interfere with movement and its capacity more compared with perut.
Latihan breathing-breathing exercises:
First we absorb as much air as possible. Then enter into dalamdada, then lower to the stomach, until there hold our breath. In keadaandemikian our bodies move down to the lower limit of maksimurn. After sampaidi down, then up again to its original position, then we exhale breath back.
The second way is the breath and pull back quickly
The next way is take a deep breath in, then remove it through mulutdengan hissing, humming, or in other ways. Here we've mulaimenyinggung vocals.
Note:
When it determines the breathing what we will use, it is recommended that do not switch to another form of breathing.
To be a good performer, then he should base vokalyang mernpunyai well too.
The "good" here is defined as the following:
Can be heard (within range of the audience, to the audience, most rear).
Clear (articulation / pronunciation right),
The mission conveyed (the message) of spoken dialogue.
Monoton.Untuk not have a good vocal this, it is necessary to vocal exercises.
Many ways, which made for vocal training, among others:
Inhale, then remove it through the mouth while menghentakan sound "wah ..." with the energy of sound. Do this repeatedly.
Inhale, then remove it by mouth muttering "mmm ... mmm ..." (sound out through the nose).
Same with the second exercise, just remove it with a hissing sound, "ssss .......
Breathe the air a lot, and then remove the vowel "aaaaa ......." Until the last batasnapas.
Tone should not change.
Together with the above exercise, just tone (high-low sounds) changed up and down (in one breath)
Remove the vowel "a ... ..a ......" intermittently.
Remove the vowel sound "aiueo", "ai-ao-au-aerobics", "oa-oi-oe-ou", "IAO-iau-IAE-aie-aio-AIU-oui-OUA-UEI-uia-. ....." etc.
Shout amain to the level of hysteria.
Sound, talking, yelling while berialan, squat, rolling, running,
circling and a wide variety of other woods.
Note:
If our voice becomes hoarse because of the exercises before, do not be afraid. This is common when we first began to perform. The reason is because the mucus in the throat eroded, when we speak out loud. But if we have become accustomed, tenggorokankita already somewhat loose and sound membranes (larink) has become elastic. Then the voice yangserak akam disappear by itself. And remember, do not be too pushy tools to loud sounds, because if imposed will be able to damage the tool-alatsuara us. Practice within reasonable limits.
ARTICULATION
Articulation :
in question is the word spoken through the mouth in order to be heard properly and clearly, so that the ears of the listener / viewer can understand padakata-spoken word. On understanding this articulation can be found some sebabyang mongakibatkan the articulation less / not true, namely:
Defective natural articulation: articulation defects experienced by people who speak gagapatau difficult man to say one konsonon, eg 'r', and so forth.
Articulation is not due to bad articulation defects, but terjadisewaktu-time. This often occurs in the pronunciation of the script / dialogue.
For example:
The honor of being kormatan
Connecting be mengambung and ugly sebagainya.Artikulasi due not accustomed to dialogue, pronunciation is too fast, nervous, and so on. While the articulation becomes indeterminate: this is because the pronunciation of the word / dialogue too quickly, as if verbatim attached without any distance at al
l. Due to bad articulation yet accustomed to dialogue, pronunciation is too fast, nervous, and so on. While the articulation becomes indeterminate: this is because the pronunciation of the word / dialogue too quickly, as if verbatim attached without any distance at all..
To get a good articulation then we must do the exercises:
Saying the alphabet correctly, note the shape of the mouth on each pengucapan.Ucapkan each letter with the high notes, low, nasal, small, large, etc.
Jugaucapkanlah whisper.
Vary the pronunciation slow, fast, up, down, etc.
Read a sentence with variations as above. Note also the shape of the mouth.
Keterangan : Salam budaya,, inilah proses latihan rutin Dasar Teater di UKM Teater Kodok STMT Trisakti. Mudah-mudahan dapat berbagi dan bermafaat bagi pembaca sekalian.. dan Tetap Budayakan Karya Yang Berbudaya.. Tertanda UKM Teater Kodok STMT Trisakti, DUNIA TANPA BATAS.. Salam Budaya!!!
Sumber : Eko Santoso, S.Sn,, Temu Teater Mahasiswa Nusantara,, Arisan Teater Kampus Jakarta
